A 50-year-old male receiving peritoneal dialysis was admitted with abdominal pain. At exploratory laparotomy, small bowel ischaemia was found. In addition, the remaining small bowel was brown, hard, and like a plastic hose in keeping with early-stage encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis.

A 62-year-old patient presented with multiple episodes of haematochezia, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Computed tomography demonstrated an 11 cm colo-colic intussusception with a lead point. Intraoperative and pathological findings found a benign 8.2 cm polypoid submucosal lipoma with ischaemic changes, ulceration, and necrosis of the surrounding colonic mucosa.

A 23-year-old woman presented with symptoms of obstruction. At laparotomy a gastroduodenal trichobezoar was removed from her stomach and duodenum. Trichobezoar are concretions of swallowed hair bundles and can be associated with Rapunzel syndrome. Endoscopy may be helpful in early cases; however, surgery remains the mainstay for late presentation.

A 76-year-old male with a known left diaphragmatic hernia presented with acute shortness of breath, vomiting and diarrhoea for five days. A chest computed tomography was performed. What is the diagnosis?

A 55-year-old man presented acutely with small bowel obstruction. What is shown in the intraoperative photograph?

A 37-year-old, previously healthy, man presented with profuse rectal bleeding necessitating transfusion. Colonoscopy and oesophagogastroduodenoscopy were normal. CT angiography was performed. What is the diagnosis?

A 34-year-old woman presented with a 20 cm intra-abdominal tumour with large draining veins and shunting surrounding the mass, detected by abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. Six years before she underwent surgery for a pelvic tumour. What is the diagnosis?

An 8 year old boy presented with colicky abdominal pain and chronic anemia. Faecal occult blood analysis was positive, upper and lower GI endoscopy were unremarkable. 99mTC labeled RBC scan showed an abnormal accumulation of tracer in the distal small bowel on the right side of abdomen. Diagnostic laparoscopy followed by open resection was done. What is the diagnosis?

A 75-year-old man with a history of diverticulosis and open appendicectomy presented with intermittent abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, constipation, reduced appetite and weight loss of 5 kg during the last month. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy (Figures a and b). What is the diagnosis?

At emergency laparotomy, a 27-year-old man was found to have a localized perforation of the ascending colon with a surrounding abscess. There were multiple other abnormal areas in the small bowel. What is the diagnosis?

A 26-year-old army recruit collapsed with profuse rectal bleeding. What is this finding at operation?

A 48-year-old woman was referred with anaemia and a history of intermittent melaena, but with normal upper gastrointestinal and capsule endoscopy findings. What is the abnormality shown on the intraoperative image below?

This man presented with central chest pain after prolonged vomiting. What has happened to his oesophagus?

This 3-year-old Nigerian boy has a history of fever for 10 days, diarrhoea, and a painful, tender and distended abdomen. What is the cause of the findings in the figure?

A 21-year-old man presented with 1-day history of central abdominal pain, confirmed on CT as small bowel obstruction. What condition is shown in the image and what could be the cause?

This 45-year-old man underwent gastroscopy with this finding in mid oesophagus. What is the diagnosis?

What is this abnormality of the appendix?

What is the cause of this small bowel stricture, and what are the characteristic features?

What is this lesion on the stomach seen at laparoscopy?

This lesion seen at push enteroscopy (a) and in the specimen after resection (b), was causing gastrointestinal bleeding. What is it?

What is the Debakey forceps holding?

What is the longest appendix ever removed?

What is this lesion in a small bowel resection of a 43-year-old man with a recent diagnosis of Crohn's disease?

Midline laparotomy was performed on an 82-year-old man with a large reducible inguinal hernia that presented with signs of mechanical bowel obstruction. What was the diagnosis?

This 67-year-old man presented with periumbilical pain that radiated to the left upper quadrant. The pain was associated with mild abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting and decreased appetite. The initial diagnosis was infected teratoma based on seeing calcification on computed tomography. What is the diagnosis?

This patient presented with small bowel obstruction and underwent an ileocaecal resection. What is the underlying pathology?

A 45-year-old woman developed tachycardia and hypotension on day 1 following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for obesity. On examination, a blue discoloration of the skin was noted in relation to a laparoscopic port site. What diagnosis explains these findings?