This is the Scientific Surgery Archive, which contains all randomized clinical trials in surgery that have been identified by searching the top 50 English language medical journal issues since January 1998. Compiled by Jonothan J. Earnshaw, former Editor-in-Chief, BJS

Effect of regional versus local anaesthesia on outcome after arteriovenous fistula creation: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2016; 388: 1067–1074.

Published: 9th November 2016

Authors: Aitken E, Jackson A, Kearns R, Steven M, Kinsella J, Clancy M et al.

Conclusion

There were 126 procedures. Primary patency at three months was improved in patients that had the procedure under brachial plexus block, rather than local anaesthesia alone: 84 versus 62 per cent, P=0.005.

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Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion reduces early allograft injury and improves post-transplant outcomes in extended criteria donation liver transplantation from donation after brain death. Ann Surg 2021; 274: 705-712.

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Oxygenated end-hypothermic machine perfusion in expanded criteria donor kidney transplant. A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2021; 156: 517-525.

Authors: Husen P, Boffa C, Jochmans I, Krikke C, Davies L, Mazilescu L et al.

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Early corticosteroid cessation vs long-term corticosteroid therapy in kidney transplant recipients. Long-term outcomes of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2021; 156: 307-314.

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Hypothermic machine perfusion in liver transplantation — a randomized trial. N Engl J Med 2021; 384: 1391-1401.

Authors: Van Rijn R, Schurink II, de Vries Y, van den Berg AP, Cerisuelo MC, Murad AD et al.

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Oxygenated versus standard cold perfusion preservation in kidney transplantation (COMPARE): a randomised, double-blind, paired, phase 3 trial Lancet 2020; 396: 1653-1662.

Authors: Jochmans I, Brat A, Davies L, Hofker HS, van de Leemkolk FEM, Leuvenink HGD et al.

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Preoperative patient-specific flow predictions to improve arteriovenous fistula maturation (Shunt Simulation Study): a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2020; 60: 98-106.

Authors: Zonnebeld N, Tordoir JHM, van Loon MM, de Smet AA, Huisman LC, Cuypers PW et al.

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A randomized controlled trial of drug-coated balloon angioplasty in venous anastomotic stenosis of dialysis arteriovenous grafts. J Vasc Surg 2020; 71: 1994-2003.

Authors: Liao M-T, Lee C-P, Lin T-T, Jong C-B, Chen T-Y, Lin L et al.

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Drug-coated balloons for dysfunctional dialysis arteriovenous fistulas. N Engl J Med 2020; 383: 733-742.

Authors: Lookstein RA, Haruguchi H, Ouriel K, Weidenberg I, Lei L, Cihlar S et al.

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Prophylaxis of wound infections-antibiotics in renal donation (POWAR). A UK multicentre double blind placebo controlled randomised trial. Ann Surg 2020; 272: 65-71.

Authors: Ahmed Z, Uwechue R, Chandak P, van Dellen D, Barwell J, Heap S et al.

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A randomized trial of vonapanitase (PATENCY-1) to promote radiocephalic fistula patency and use for hemodialysis. J Vasc Surg 2019; 69: 507-515

Authors: Bleyer A, Scavo VA, Wilson SE , Browne BJ, Ferris BL, Ozaki CK et al.

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Telemedicine based remote home monitoring after liver transplantation. Results of a randomized prospective trial. Ann Surg 2019; 270: 564-572.

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A prospective randomized study of stent graft placement after balloon angioplasty versus balloon angioplasty alone for the treatment of hemodialysis patients with prosthetic graft outflow stenosis. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68: 546–553.

Authors: Yang H-T, Yu S-Y, Su T-W, Kao T-C, Hsieh H-C, Ko P-J et al.