This is the Scientific Surgery Archive, which contains all randomized clinical trials in surgery that have been identified by searching the top 50 English language medical journal issues since January 1998. Compiled by Jonothan J. Earnshaw, former Editor-in-Chief, BJS

Prophylaxis of wound infections-antibiotics in renal donation (POWAR). A UK multicentre double blind placebo controlled randomised trial. Ann Surg 2020; 272: 65-71.

Published: 25th August 2020

Authors: Ahmed Z, Uwechue R, Chandak P, van Dellen D, Barwell J, Heap S et al.

Conclusion

The study was conducted among 273 donors who underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy for transplantation. Prophylactic antibiotics reduced the risk of postoperative infections: 23 versus 40.7 per cent (P=0.001), including surgical site infection 10.1 versus 20.7 per cent, P=0.012.

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Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion reduces early allograft injury and improves post-transplant outcomes in extended criteria donation liver transplantation from donation after brain death. Ann Surg 2021; 274: 705-712.

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Oxygenated end-hypothermic machine perfusion in expanded criteria donor kidney transplant. A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2021; 156: 517-525.

Authors: Husen P, Boffa C, Jochmans I, Krikke C, Davies L, Mazilescu L et al.

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Early corticosteroid cessation vs long-term corticosteroid therapy in kidney transplant recipients. Long-term outcomes of a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2021; 156: 307-314.

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Hypothermic machine perfusion in liver transplantation — a randomized trial. N Engl J Med 2021; 384: 1391-1401.

Authors: Van Rijn R, Schurink II, de Vries Y, van den Berg AP, Cerisuelo MC, Murad AD et al.

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Oxygenated versus standard cold perfusion preservation in kidney transplantation (COMPARE): a randomised, double-blind, paired, phase 3 trial Lancet 2020; 396: 1653-1662.

Authors: Jochmans I, Brat A, Davies L, Hofker HS, van de Leemkolk FEM, Leuvenink HGD et al.

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Preoperative patient-specific flow predictions to improve arteriovenous fistula maturation (Shunt Simulation Study): a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2020; 60: 98-106.

Authors: Zonnebeld N, Tordoir JHM, van Loon MM, de Smet AA, Huisman LC, Cuypers PW et al.

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A randomized controlled trial of drug-coated balloon angioplasty in venous anastomotic stenosis of dialysis arteriovenous grafts. J Vasc Surg 2020; 71: 1994-2003.

Authors: Liao M-T, Lee C-P, Lin T-T, Jong C-B, Chen T-Y, Lin L et al.

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Drug-coated balloons for dysfunctional dialysis arteriovenous fistulas. N Engl J Med 2020; 383: 733-742.

Authors: Lookstein RA, Haruguchi H, Ouriel K, Weidenberg I, Lei L, Cihlar S et al.

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A randomized trial of vonapanitase (PATENCY-1) to promote radiocephalic fistula patency and use for hemodialysis. J Vasc Surg 2019; 69: 507-515

Authors: Bleyer A, Scavo VA, Wilson SE , Browne BJ, Ferris BL, Ozaki CK et al.

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Telemedicine based remote home monitoring after liver transplantation. Results of a randomized prospective trial. Ann Surg 2019; 270: 564-572.

Authors: Lee TC, Kaiser TE, Alloway R, Woodle ES, Edwards MJ, Shah SA et al.

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A prospective randomized study of stent graft placement after balloon angioplasty versus balloon angioplasty alone for the treatment of hemodialysis patients with prosthetic graft outflow stenosis. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68: 546–553.

Authors: Yang H-T, Yu S-Y, Su T-W, Kao T-C, Hsieh H-C, Ko P-J et al.

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Regional versus local anaesthesia for haemodialysis arteriovenous fistula formation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2107; 53: 734-742.

Authors: Cerneviciute R, Sahebally SM, Ahmed K, Murphy M, Mahmood W, Walsh SR et al.