This is the Scientific Surgery Archive, which contains all randomized clinical trials in surgery that have been identified by searching the top 50 English language medical journal issues since January 1998. Compiled by Jonothan J. Earnshaw, former Editor-in-Chief, BJS

Adjuvant olaparib for patients with BRCA1- or BRCA2-mutated breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2021; 384: 2394-2405.

Published: 24th November 2021

Authors: Tutt ANJ, Garber JE, Kaufman B, Viale G, Fumagalli D, Rastogi P et al.

Conclusion

Some 1836 women were randomized. After completion of adjuvant therapy, treatment with olaparib improved three year disease-free survival from 77.1 to 85.9 per cent, hazard ratio for invasive disease or death 0.58, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.41 to 0.82, P<0.001.

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Duration of adjuvant aromatase-inhibitor therapy in postmenopausal breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2021; 385: 395-405.

Authors: Gnant M, Fitzal F, Rinnerthaler G, Steger GS, Greil-Ressler S, Balic M et al.

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Effect of capecitabine maintenance therapy using lower dosage and higher frequency vs observation on disease-free survival among patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer who had received standard treatment. The SYSUCC-001 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021; 325: 50-58.

Authors: Wang X, Wang S-S, Huang H, Cai L, Peng R-J, Lin Y et al.

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Neoadjuvant atezolizumab in combination with sequential nab-paclitaxel and anthracycline-based chemotherapy versus placebo and chemotherapy in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (IMpassion031): a randomised double-blind, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2020; 396: 1090-1100.

Authors: Mittendorf EA, Zhang H, Barrios CH, Saji S, Jung KH, Hegg R et al.

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Efficacy and safety of tailored and dose‐dense adjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab for resected HER2‐positive breast cancer: Results from the phase 3 PANTHER trial. Cancer 2020; 126: 1175-1182.

Authors: Papakonstantinou A, Matikas A, Bengtsson NO, Malmstrom P, Hedayati E, Steger G et al.

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Phase III randomized trial of bisphosphonates as adjuvant therapy in breast cancer: S0307. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 112: 698-707.

Authors: Gralow JR, Barlow WE, Paterson AHG, M’iao JL, Lew DL, Stopeck AT et al.

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Hypofractionated breast radiotherapy for 1 week versus 3 weeks (FAST-forward): 5-year efficacy and late normal tissue effects results from a multicenter, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2020; 395: 1613-1626.

Authors: Brunt AM, Haviland JS, Wheatley DA, Sydenham MA, Alhasso A, Bloomfield DJ et al.

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The effects of ganglioside-monosialic acid in taxane-induced peripheral neurotoxicity in patients with breast cancer: a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 112: 55–62

Authors: Su Y, Huang J, Wang S, Unger JM, Arias-Fuenzalida J, Shi Y et al.

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Concurrent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and estrogen deprivation in patients with estrogen receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative breast cancer (CBCSG‐036): A randomized, controlled, multicenter trial. Cancer 2019; 125: 2185-2193

Authors: Yu K-D, Wu S-Y, Liu G-Y, Wu J, Di G-H, Hu Z et al.

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West German Study Plan B Trial: adjuvant four cycles of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide plus docetaxel versus six cycles of docetaxel and cyclophosphamide in HER2-negative early breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37: 799-808

Authors: Nitz M, Gluz O, Clemens M, Malter W, Reimer T, Nuding B et al.

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Pembrolizumab for early triple-negative breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2020; 382: 810-821

Authors: Schmid P, Cortes J, Pusztai L, McArthur H, Kummel S, Bergh J et al.

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External beam accelerated partial breast irradiation versus whole breast irradiation after breast conserving surgery in women with ductal carcinoma in situ and node negative breast cancer (RAPID): a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2019; 394: 2165-2172

Authors: Whelan TJ, Julian JA, Berrang TS, Kim D-H, Germain I, Nichol AM et al.

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Long term results of accelerated partial breast irradiation after breast-conserving surgery for early-stage breast cancer: a randomized, phase 3, equivalence trial. Lancet 2019; 394: 2155-2164

Authors: Vicini FA, Cecchini RS, White JR, Arthur DW, Julian TB, Rabinovitch RA et al.