This is the Scientific Surgery Archive, which contains all randomized clinical trials in surgery that have been identified by searching the top 50 English language medical journal issues since January 1998. Compiled by Jonothan J. Earnshaw, former Editor-in-Chief, BJS

Combined screening with ultrasound and mammography vs. mammography alone in women at elevated risk of breast cancer. JAMA 2008; 299: 2151-2163.

Published: 1st January 2008

Authors: Berg W, Blume JD, Cormack JB, Mendelson EB, Lehrer D, Bohm-Velez M et al. et al.

Conclusion

Almost 3000 women with dense breast tissue in at least one quadrant on mammography were included. The addition of ultrasound detected 4.2 extra cancers per 1000 women screened (95 per cent confidence interval 1.1 to 7.2, P=0.003), but at the cost of an increased number of false positive diagnoses.

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Duration of adjuvant aromatase-inhibitor therapy in postmenopausal breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2021; 385: 395-405.

Authors: Gnant M, Fitzal F, Rinnerthaler G, Steger GS, Greil-Ressler S, Balic M et al.

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Adjuvant olaparib for patients with BRCA1- or BRCA2-mutated breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2021; 384: 2394-2405.

Authors: Tutt ANJ, Garber JE, Kaufman B, Viale G, Fumagalli D, Rastogi P et al.

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Resection of cavity shave margins in stage 0–III breast cancer patients undergoing breast conserving surgery. A prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg 2021; 273: 876-881.

Authors: Dupont E, Tsangaris T, Garcia-Cantu C, Howard-McNatt M, Chiba A, Berger AC et al.

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Early complications in delayed breast reconstruction: A prospective, randomized study comparing different reconstructive methods in radiated and non-radiated patients. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46: 2208-2217.

Authors: Brorson F, Thorarinsson A, Kolby L, Elander A, Hansson E

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Effect of capecitabine maintenance therapy using lower dosage and higher frequency vs observation on disease-free survival among patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer who had received standard treatment. The SYSUCC-001 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021; 325: 50-58.

Authors: Wang X, Wang S-S, Huang H, Cai L, Peng R-J, Lin Y et al.

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Neoadjuvant atezolizumab in combination with sequential nab-paclitaxel and anthracycline-based chemotherapy versus placebo and chemotherapy in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (IMpassion031): a randomised double-blind, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2020; 396: 1090-1100.

Authors: Mittendorf EA, Zhang H, Barrios CH, Saji S, Jung KH, Hegg R et al.

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Efficacy and safety of tailored and dose‐dense adjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab for resected HER2‐positive breast cancer: Results from the phase 3 PANTHER trial. Cancer 2020; 126: 1175-1182.

Authors: Papakonstantinou A, Matikas A, Bengtsson NO, Malmstrom P, Hedayati E, Steger G et al.

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Phase III randomized trial of bisphosphonates as adjuvant therapy in breast cancer: S0307. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 112: 698-707.

Authors: Gralow JR, Barlow WE, Paterson AHG, M’iao JL, Lew DL, Stopeck AT et al.

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Hypofractionated breast radiotherapy for 1 week versus 3 weeks (FAST-forward): 5-year efficacy and late normal tissue effects results from a multicenter, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2020; 395: 1613-1626.

Authors: Brunt AM, Haviland JS, Wheatley DA, Sydenham MA, Alhasso A, Bloomfield DJ et al.

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The effects of ganglioside-monosialic acid in taxane-induced peripheral neurotoxicity in patients with breast cancer: a randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 112: 55–62

Authors: Su Y, Huang J, Wang S, Unger JM, Arias-Fuenzalida J, Shi Y et al.

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Concurrent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and estrogen deprivation in patients with estrogen receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative breast cancer (CBCSG‐036): A randomized, controlled, multicenter trial. Cancer 2019; 125: 2185-2193

Authors: Yu K-D, Wu S-Y, Liu G-Y, Wu J, Di G-H, Hu Z et al.

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West German Study Plan B Trial: adjuvant four cycles of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide plus docetaxel versus six cycles of docetaxel and cyclophosphamide in HER2-negative early breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37: 799-808

Authors: Nitz M, Gluz O, Clemens M, Malter W, Reimer T, Nuding B et al.