This is the Scientific Surgery Archive, which contains all randomized clinical trials in surgery that have been identified by searching the top 50 English language medical journal issues since January 1998. Compiled by Jonothan J. Earnshaw, former Editor-in-Chief, BJS

Effect of laparoscopic-assisted resection vs open resection on pathological outcomes in rectal cancer. The ALaCaRT Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2015; 314: 1356-1363.

Published: 15th December 2015

Authors: Stevenson ARL, Solomon MJ, Lumley JW, Hewett P, Clouston AD, Gebski VJ et al et al.

Conclusion

The study included 475 procedures. The quality of surgery was high, with rates of successful resection, clear circumferential and distal margins and total mesorectal excision similar in both groups. But non inferiority was not established in this trial.

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Efficacy and safety of nonantibiotic outpatient treatment in mild acute diverticulitis (DINAMO-study). A multicentre, randomised, open-label, noninferiority trial. Results from a multicenter randomized controlled trial (HOPE ECD-DBD). Ann Surg 2021; 274: e435-e442.

Authors: Mora-López L, Ruiz-Edo N, Estrada-Ferrer O, Piñana-Campón ML, Labró-Ciurans M, Escuder-Perez J et al.

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Open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid or low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (COREAN trial): 10-year follow-up of an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Gastro Hepatol 2021; 6: 569-577.

Authors: Park JW, Kang S-B, Hao J, Lim S-B, Choi HS, Kim D-W et al.

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Perioperative systemic therapy vs cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy alone for resectable colorectal peritoneal metastases. A phase 2 randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2021; 156: 710-720.

Authors: Rovers KP, Bakkers C, Nienhuijs SW, Burger JWA, Creemers G-JM, Thijs AMJ et al.

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A randomized Phase II trial of adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion and systemic therapy with or without panitumumab after hepatic resection of KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer. Ann Surg 2021; 274: 248-254.

Authors: Kemeny NE, Chou JF, Capanu M, Chatila WK, Shi H, Sanchez-Vega F et al.

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Surgical management of idiopathic perianal fistulas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Surg 2021; 38: 104-119.

Authors: Cheung XC, Fahey T, Rogers AC, Pemberton JH, Kavanagh DO

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Feasibility and safety of laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision (CME) for right-sided colon cancer. Short-term Outcomes. A Randomized Clinical Study. Ann Surg 2021; 274: 57-62.

Authors: Di Buono G , Buscemi S, Cocorullo G, Sorce V, Amato G, Bonventre G et al.

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Early versus late preventive ileostomy closure following colorectal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials. Dis Colon Rectum 2021; 64: 128-137.

Authors: Cheng Z, Dong S, Bi D, Wang Y, Dai Y, Zhang XM et al.

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Preoperative hepatic and regional arterial chemotherapy in patients who underwent curative colorectal cancer resection. A prospective, multi-center, randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg 2021; 273: 1066-1075.

Authors: Zhu D, Xia J, Gu Y, Lin J, Ding K, Zhou B et al.

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Long-term outcomes of a randomized controlled trial of single-incision versus multi-port laparoscopic colectomy for colon cancer. Ann Surg 2021; 273: 1060-1065.

Authors: Watanabe J, Ishibe A, Suwa H, Ota M, Fujii S, Kubota K et al.

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Comparing laparoscopic elective sigmoid resection with conservative treatment in improving quality of life of patients with diverticulitis. The Laparoscopic Elective Sigmoid Resection Following Diverticulitis (LASER) randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2021; 156: 129-136.

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Laparoscopic lavage vs primary resection for acute perforated diverticulitis. Long-term outcomes from the Scandinavian Diverticulitis (SCANDIV) randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2021; 156: 121-127.

Authors: Azhar N, Johanssen A, Sundstrom T, Folkesson J, Wallon C, Korner H et al.

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Impact of facilitation of early mobilization on postoperative pulmonary outcomes after colorectal surgery. A randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg 2021; 273: 868-875.

Authors: Balvardi S, Pecorelli N, Castelino T, Niculiseanu P, Alhashemi M, Liberman AS et al.